Cigarette Taxes Free Essay Example, 2500 words

This caused tremendous pressure to the government leading to the enactment of the Tobacco Inspection Act that directs the Secretary of Agriculture to impose controls on the tobacco Industry ( McGrew ). In addition to this, McGrew asserts that the government imposed regulation since the tobacco industry provided more than $4.8 billion in taxes in 1971 (USDA, Tobacco Situation, 1971b: 44). Strictly speaking, the first federal excise tax on tobacco was included in the Alexander Hamilton s tax package of 1794 which was restricted by Congress after a few debates. Later on, the interest to gain revenue from tobacco grew during the Civil war. In July 1, 1862, the first ad valorem tax for cigars was enforced, followed by tax increase in 1865, 1866 and 1875. Amazingly, in 1880, revenues from tobacco contributed to 31% of total federal tax receipts in which 50% of these collections came from smoking and using tobacco ( Heimann, 1960: 156). The revenue generated by tobacco products have risen drastically annually that by 1970, the Tobacco Tax Council reported a staggering revenue of no less than $2 billion dollars ( Tobacco tax Council 1970:5 ). Columbia along with 40 states imposed taxes. We will write a custom essay sample on Cigarette Taxes or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page The main motivator for tobacco taxation before was simply to generate revenue for the government.

Iran s Domestic Affairs And Foreign Policy - 2429 Words

The historical lift of decades-long sanctions on Iran earlier this year has sparked numerous discussions about what the future holds for the country. Without a doubt, possibilities that have been blocked by the past economic sanctions are now accessible to Iran. However, it’s crucial to understand that change cannot happen overnight. In fact, it may take years or even decades for Iran to catch up with the majority of countries around the world. There are some notable events in Iran’s domestic affairs that can assist us in navigating where the semi-theocratic regime appears to be headed. One of them would be the recent Iranian election and its conceivable outcomes. This paper will examine the possible progresses post-sanctions Iran can†¦show more content†¦Nevertheless, we may deduce that recent elections suggested Iran’s leaders — and not merely reformists — have learned that the most effective way to mitigate this dilemma is to forge a pea ce deal with some of their rivals. The prospects for such a deal emerged when Rouhani publicly assailed the Guardian Council, asserting that the parliament â€Å"is the house of the people and not a particular faction.†2 While the Council of Guardians ignored this signal and chose instead to disqualify Hassan Khomeini — along with thousands of other would be candidates — persistent criticism of the council’s actions from Rouhani, Rafsanjani, and others compelled it to readmit some 1,500 aspiring candidates — political novices, to be sure, rather than veteran reformists, but whose ranks included many supporters of Rouhani and his allies. These dynamics suggest a grudging readiness by Iran’s top leadership to negotiate a political accommodation that could very slowly, yet eventually favor greater pluralism and openness in the Islamic Republic. This seems to be the objective of Iran’s reformists, who — with Rouhani’s suppor t — have signaled a growing measure of political sophistication, strategic vision, and unity.3 In the end, noShow MoreRelatedRonald Reagans Domestic and Foreign Affairs Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesReagans Domestic and Foreign Affairs. The reason that I choose this topic was because I have always been personally interested in Ronald Reagans time in office and the national crisis he had to deal with. Reagan was awesome when it came to foreign policy because he knew how to negotiate with foreign leaders and their countries to get what he wanted. There were several instances during his time in office that he had the chance to use his ability to get the country out of danger. 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Essay on Technical Education in India Free Essays

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) is the statutory body and a national-level council for technical education, under Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development. [2] Established in November 1945 first as an advisory body and later on in 1987 given statutory status by an Act of Parliament, AICTE is responsible for proper planning and coordinated development of the technical education and management education system in India. The AICTE accredits postgraduate and graduate programs under specific categories at Indian institutions as per its charter. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Technical Education in India or any similar topic only for you Order Now [3] The AICTE Act of 1987 AICTE is vested with statutory authority for planning, formulation and maintenance of norms and standards, quality assurance through school accreditation, funding in priority areas, monitoring and evaluation, maintaining parity of certification and awards and ensuring coordinated and integrated development and management of technical education in the country as part of the AICTE Act No. 2 of 1987. The AICTE Act, stated verbatim reads: To provide for establishment of an All India council for Technical Education with a view to the proper planning and co-ordinated development of the technical education system throughout the country essay writer salary, the promotion of qualitative improvement of such education in relation to planned quantitative growth and the regulation and proper maintenance of norms and standards in the technical education system and for matters connected therewith where to buy essays online. [edit] Current objective In order to improve upon the present technical education system, the current objectives is to modify the engineering curriculum as follows: 1. Greater emphasis on design oriented teaching, teaching of design methodologies, problem solving approach. 2. Greater exposure to industrial and manufacturing processes. 3. Exclusion of outmoded technologies and inclusion of the new appropriate and emerging technologies. 4. Greater input of management education and professional communication skills. edit] AICTE bureaus The AICTE comprises nine bureaus, namely: * Faculty Development (FD) Bureau * Undergraduate Education (UG) Bureau * Postgraduate Education and Research (PGER) Bureau * Quality Assurance (QA) Bureau * Planning and Co-ordination (PC) Bureau * Research and Institutional Development (RID) Bureau * Administration (Admin) Bureau * Finance (Fin) Bureau * Academic (Acad) Bureau For each bureau, adviser is the bureau head who is assisted by technical officers and other supporting staff. The multidiscipline technical officer and staff of the Council are on deputation or on contract from government departments, University Grants Commission, academic institutions, etc. References 1. ^ Regional Offices AICTE website. 2. ^ Technical Education Overview Department of Higher Education 3. ^ AICTE Act[dead link] 4. ^ National Level Councils Tech Ed. , Department of Higher Education. 5. ^ Growth of institutions affiliated to AICTE 6. ^ â€Å"UGC, AICTE to be scrapped: Sibal†. iGovernment. in. Retrieved 29 November 2011. 7. â€Å"AICTE to revamp its approval system next week†. Business Standard. Retrieved 29 November 2011. * | | All India Council for Technical Education| | Abbreviation| AICTE| Formation| November, 1945| Headquarters| New Delhi| Location| Kolkata, Chennai, Kanpur, Mumbai, Chandigarh, Guwahati, Bhopal, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Gurgaon[1]| Main organ| Council| Affiliations| Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development| Website| Official web site Remarks| Dr. S S Mantha, Chairperson (acting| |    How to cite Essay on Technical Education in India, Essays